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Ip address classes, Class A,B,C,D,E.Ip address is 32-bit binary address dotted decimal 4 Octets  8-bit each

32-bit (4-bytes)
8-bit(1-byte)





Binary to Decimal

         
                (Equivalent decimal values for each bit)

128         64           32           16           8          4          2          1     

  0            0             0             0            0          0          0          0  =  0

  0            0             0             0            0          0          0          1  =  1

  0            0             0             0            0          0          1          0  =  2

  0            0             0             0            0          0          1          1  =  3

  0            0             0             0            0          1          0          0  =  4  

  0            0             0             0            0          1          0          1  =  5   (Total Decimal values )

  0            0             0             0            0          1          1          0  =  6

  0            0             0             0            0          1          1          1  =  7

  0            0             0             0            1          0          0          0  =  8

  0            0             0             0            1          0          0          1  =  9

  0            0             0             0            1          0          1          0  =  10

  0            0             0             0            1          0          1          1  =  11

  0            0             0             0            1          1          0          0  =  12

  0            0             0             0            1          1          0          1  =  13

  0            0             0             0            1          1          1          0  =  14

  0            0             0             0            1          1          1          1  =  15



Here we see some examples

Add equivalent decimal values of the bits that is 1.




128         64           32           16           8          4          2          1     

  0            1             0             1           0          0          0          0     =80     (64+16)    

  1            0             1             0            0          0          0          0  = 160    (128+32)  

  1            1             0             0            0          0          0          0  = 192    (128+64)   

  1            0             0             1            0          1          0          0  = 148    (128+16+4)

  0            1             1             1            0          0          0          0  = 112     (64+32+16)

  0            1             0             1            1          1          0          0  =  92     (64+16+8+4)







Example Ip address   -   176.16.30.8 

 In binary and its equivalent decimal values

10110000-176
00010000-16
00011110-30
00001000-8

Class C Ip address

192.168.1.52-11000000.10101000.00000001.00110100


Class A Ip

10.20.54.2-00001010.00010100.00110110.00000010


Ip Address Range



Class A 0.0.0.0-126.255.255.255    (0-126)

127.0.0.0-127.255.255.255 is loop back address   (127)

Class B 128.0.0.0-191.255.255.255    (128-191)

Class C 192.0.0.0-223.255.255.255     (192-223)

Class D 224.0.0.0-239.255.255.255 (Multicast Address)  (224-239)

Class E 240.0.0.0 Reserved for Research


Ip address Per Network

In Class A -1,67,77216
In Class B -65536
In Class C -256


Private Address,this ip address assigned for the host in side LAN.This cannot be used in public network,
this ip address can't communicate directly with the public network(Internet).If we want to make this host communicate with public network we need NAT.

Any one can use this private ip address for company,home,office depends on the ip address requirement we can choose a ip address class


Private Address Range

In Class  A    10.0.0.0-10.255.255.255

In Class  B    176.16.0.0-176.31.255.255

In Class  C     192.168.0.0-192.168.255.255


In Class A- 1,67,77,216
In Class B- 1048576
In Class C- 65536






Subnet Mask

Subnet mask has been using to identify which part of the ip address is network bit and host bit.1's represents  network bit and 0's represents host or node


Class A   Network    Host           Host          Host

Class B   Network     Network    Host          Host

Class C   Network     Network    Network   Host






Class A IP and its Subnet Mask

10.0.0.0/8    /8-shows that 8-bits are belongs to network id rest of the bits are belogs to Nodes
255.0.0.0 


00001010.00000000.00000000.00000000 Ip Address in Binary
11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000 Subnet Mask In Binary

First ip address in a network is network address.Last ip address in a network is broadcast address, we can't
assign this ip address to a host

10.0.0.0-Network Address
10.255.255.255-Broadcast Address
Valid host id in this network is 1,67,77,216-2=1,67,77,214






Class B IP and its Subnet Mask

176.16.0.0/16     /16     16-bits for network id and 16-bits for host id
255.255.0.0


11010000.00010000.00000000.00000000 Ip address in binary
11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 Subnet mask in binary


176.16.0.0-Network Address
176.16.255.255-Broadcast Address
Valid host id in this network is 65536-2=65534







Class C IP and its Subnet Mask

192.168.1.0/24    /24    24-bits for network id and 8-bits for host id
255.255.255.0


11000000.10011110.00000001.00000000 Ip address in binary
11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 Subnet mask in binary



192.168.1.0-Network Address
192.168.1.255-Broadcast Address
Valid host id in this network is 256-2=254















Post a Comment

  1. Thanks for this helpful post. I'm studying ccna and I don't have any hard time in studying it because of your blog.. Thanks! you the real MVP.

    ReplyDelete
  2. thank you..keep learning..,.

    ReplyDelete

 
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